Apostrophes are used for the following reasons:
Possession We use apostrophes to show that something belongs to someone: The man's hat. Sarah's scarf was blue. I wanted to go to Mike's house, but Mum wouldn't let me. The apostrophe is used before the 's' to show that the item that follows belongs to the person/thing. If a word is plural, then you don't need to add an extra 's', but you do need to add an apostrophe: I went into the boys' bedroom to tell them goodnight. She filled up each of the cats' bowls before she left. Sarah thought that her parents' rules were terrible. Contractions Contractions are words that are made from pushing two words together and removing a letter: I + am = I'm Do + not = don't Should + not = shouldn't We use the apostrophe to mark the missing letter. The Plural of Single Letters We use commas to mark plural single letters: Mind your P's and Q's. You need to dot your i's and cross your t's. This handy video from TedEd explains further:
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